Critical Analysis Regarding Church Funds Usage And Distribution - 1375 Words

Critical Analysis Regarding Church Funds Usage And Distribution (Article Critique Sample) Content: Critical ReviewName:Course:Instructor:Date:Critical ReviewThe article Whose culture is it is written by Kwame Anthony Appiah and it is about analysis of different cultures both in the past as well as in the modern world. Appiah talks about Walter Benjamin who explains cultural treasures in a horrific manner. According to Appiah, the modern world is characterized by Benjamins provocation. Currently modern museum curators have increasingly became unaware about the significance and origins regarding the named cultural treasures, particularly those originating from global south and those that have archaeological aspect. Appiah also includes several incidents whereby people have faced the law for illegal possession of materials and artifacts belonging to museums. The rationale of this paper is to write a critical response paper based on the article Whose culture is it? by Appiah Kwame Anthony.The examples of incidents of illegal handling of museum artifacts include the Ita lian discussion regarding the stance of artifacts from Metropolitan and Getty Museum, trial in Rome involving a former Getty Museum curator who had unlawfully taken objects from Italy, Greece lawsuit against Getty for being in possession of four museum objects, and government of Peru against Yale University for having 5000 artifacts from Machu Picchu in the 1900s. These issues have cropped up recently, although they happened long time ago. Also, Appiah in his article captures how the famous global curators and collectors who were once recognized for their perseverance and perceptiveness, are currently commonly criticized as receivers of or traffickers of stolen commodities. The global famous museums celebrated as encyclopedic museums and also as redoubts of cultural gratitude, are currently alleged of pillage and plunder. Appiah explains how the vice of plunder that prevailed in his local town of Asante in Ghana where the artifacts that were amassed by Asante Kingdom was looted by s ir Garnet Wolseley, British general. The looting included an exceptional treasury of artifacts and art. Moreover, Appiah brings out the true picture of how the people were unaware of the significance of the cultural treasures, where he talks about Baden-Powell who evidently held the notion that the removal and inventorying of the treasures under General Garnet was a legal relocation of property. Baden believed that was collecting rather than looting.[James B Cuno,Whose Culture?: The Promise of Museums and the Debate Over Antiquities(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2012),71.] The scandals regarding illegal looting of museum artifacts in Africa continued even with commencement of European empires. Appiah also highlights several incidents like Mali that was unable to safeguard digging and exportation of magnificent sculpture created in old town of Djenne-jeno. Mali was unable to pass laws to safeguard illegal archaeological digs and publishing where a lot of Djenne-jeno f ine terra-cottas were dug in the 1980s, especially following discoveries of the archeologists like Susan Mcintosh and Rederick. The beautiful terra-cottas were purchased by North America and Europe collectors who were greatly attracted by those artifacts. Therefore, since they were unlawfully dug from archaeological sites, people cannot learn most of what they could wish to know about that culture. That is, what people could have learnt if the sites were conserved by cautious archaeology might never be known. This can be attributed as some of the aspects that made Appiah to think of writing the article, since culture treasures were used wrongly and ended up in wrong places instead of conserving history.Laws were generated to curb unlawful smuggling of stolen art following the government of Mali and United States guidance by archaeologists. The ready market for Djenn-jeno sculpture greatly ceased. However, the estimated loss by the time of stoppage was huge, since the artifacts were illegally sold from Mali. In regard to the high demand for sculptures, it is understandable why many Mali citizens willingly exported their natural heritage. Appiah also talks about the current scandals that also include pillaging of archaeological sites. Art worth millions of dollars have been illegally taken from Nigerian Museum with the help of museum insiders. Dealers in London and New York have also helped in the exportation of the artifacts according to Ekpo Eyo who was a former National Museum head. The artifacts were rich in Nigerian Art and thus, they greatly attracted the dealers. Appiah reveals great evil and mistake where people are willing to trade their cultural heritage for money. There is great impact since there will be a mix up of cultures regardless of being lucrative business. The impact is both on the economic and cultural to the country which loose artifacts.Appiah updates the audience on the evolution of protest against pillaging of stolen artifacts. Doctrine s have been set up regarding possession of various types of cultural property via several declarations by UNESCO among other global agencies. The doctrine proposes that cultural property should remain to be property of its culture. If an individual come from a particular culture, the artifact ought to be their cultural partrimony and vice versa. This will help people to understand the significance of cultural treasures and the need to safeguard it. The author also highlight the significance of cultural partrimony where he considers two definitions. One as a cultural artifact and the other as a cultural product. Therefore, according to Appiah cultural partrimony to one country is not merely that countrys nationals input to human culture, but it should be worldwide civilization. It entails all the artifacts of a country and though other people might think highly of it, ultimately it belongs to that country. What belongs of a country partrimony is those things that prevailed before the ir current state. It is not clear what the sculptures or artifacts were created for, but it is a fact that they were not created for a specific country alone. What people in the modern society aspire to safeguard existed before they developed, by people of communities that is extinct. Appiah proposes that just like people die when their bodies die, cultures can also become extinct. However, it is not logical to think a culture have no descendants. But is a culture civilzation ceases to exist and its inhabitants turn to something else, there is no logic of having particular claim on those artifacts, deeply buried underground. Also, even if people have an exceptional proposal, that has nothing to do with that culture where most of the inhabitants dwell.[James B Cuno,Whose Culture?: The Promise of Museums and the Debate Over Antiquities(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2012),74.] In the article, Appiah also proposes that the issue of biological de...

The Real Sinbad the Sailor

Sinbad the Sailor is one of the most famous heroes of Middle Eastern literature. In the tales of his seven voyages, Sinbad battled incredible monsters, visited amazing lands and met with supernatural forces as he sailed the Indian Oceans fabled trade routes.   In western translations, Sinbads stories are included among those that Scheherazade told during the One Thousand and One Nights, which is set in Baghdad during the reign of the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid from CE 786 to 809. In Arabic translations of the Arabian nights, however, Sinbad is absent. The interesting question for historians, then, is this: Was Sinbad the Sailor based upon a single historical figure, or is he a composite character derived from various bold seafarers who plied the monsoon winds?  If he once existed, who was he? Whats in a Name? The name Sinbad seems to come from the Persian Sindbad, meaning Lord of the Sindh River.  Sindhu is the Persian variant of the Indus River, indicating that he was a sailor from the coast of what is now Pakistan. This linguistic analysis also points to the stories being Persian in origin, even though existing versions are all in Arabic.   On the other hand, there are many striking parallels between many of Sinbads adventures and those of Odysseus in Homers great classic, The Odyssey,  and other stories from classical Greek literature. For example, the cannibalistic monster in the Third Voyage of Sinbad is very similar to Polyphemus from The Odyssey, and he meets the same fate — being blinded with the hot iron spits he was using to eat the ships crew. Also, during his Fourth Voyage, Sinbad was buried alive but follows an animal to escape the underground cavern, much like the story of Aristomenes the Messenian. These and other similarities point to Sinbad being a figure of folklore, rather than an actual person. It is possible, however, that Sinbad was a real historical figure with an insatiable urge to travel and a gift for telling tall tales, though it may be that after his death other traditional travel tales were grafted on to his adventures to produce the Seven Voyages we now know him by. More Than One Sinbad the Sailor Sinbad may be based in part on a Persian adventurer and trader named Soleiman al-Tajir — Arabic for Soloman the Merchant — who traveled from Persia all the way to southern China around the year 775 BCE. Generally, throughout the centuries that the Indian Ocean trade network existed, merchants and sailors traveled just one of the three great monsoonal circuits, meeting up and trading with one another at the nodes where those circuits met.   Siraf is credited with being the first person from western Asia to complete the entire voyage himself. Siraf likely gained great renown in his own time, particularly if he made it home with a hold full of silk, spices, jewels, and porcelain. Perhaps he was the factual foundation upon which the Sinbad stories were built. Likewise in Oman, many people believe that Sinbad is based on a sailor from the city of Sohar, who sailed out of the port of Basra in what is now Iraq. How he came to have a Persianized Indian name is not clear.   Recent Developments In 1980, a joint Irish-Omani team sailed a replica of a ninth-century dhow from Oman to southern China, using period navigational instruments only, in order to prove that such a voyage was possible. They successfully reached southern China, proving that sailors even many centuries ago could have done so, but that brings us no closer to proving who Sinbad was or which western port he sailed from. In all likelihood, bold and footloose adventurers much like Sinbad set out from any number of port cities around the rim of the Indian Ocean in search of novelty and treasure. We will probably never know if any particular one of them inspired the Tales of Sinbad the Sailor. It is fun, however, to imagine Sinbad himself leaning back in his chair in Basra or Sohar or Karachi, spinning another fabulous story to his spellbound audience of land-lubbers.

The Date the World Went to War - 1994 Words

In 1914 Bosnia was holding the annual summer manoeuvers of the Austro- Hungarian army that were centered on the XV and XVI corps there. It was said it was beautiful Sunday morning as it was bright and sunny that day. Archduke Franz Ferdinand was there serving as the inspector of the army. It was announced in March that the Archduke Franz Ferdinand would be attending this event, and would be visiting Sarajevo as well. Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were assassinated by Gavrilo Princip on June 28th, 1914 in Sarajevo as an act of terror by Princip, on behalf of the Slavic Nationalist Black Hand Organization. This date is often associated with being the start of the First World War. Franz Ferdinand was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia. He was born in Graz, Austria, and was the eldest son of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria and was the younger brother of Franz Joseph and Maximilian. In 1889 Ferdinand’s cousin com mitted suicide at his hunting lodge. This changed his life drastically because this meant his father was in line for the throne. Shortly after gaining the throne Ferdinand’s father passed away from typhoid fever. With the death of his father Franz was now in charge of the throne.1 Franz Ferdinand was enlisted into the Austro-Hungarian Army at a young age. He was promoted often, and was even appointed lieutenant by the age of fourteen. He followed that by becoming a captain at twenty- two, colonel byShow MoreRelatedThe Driving Forces Of Fashion Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopments @ †¢ influential people @ †¢ media, music, cinema and TV @ †¢ art and design From conformity to rebellion, post war citizens in 1945-1959 had changed the way they dressed and influenced many more future fashion trends that we can see today. Fashion in this period of time was significantly different, mostly for women. Girls were moving away from masculine war looks and towards a new curvaceous feminine look. There was also a growth in the teenage culture where the teenager was createdRead MorePresident Franklin D. Roosevelt Essay1637 Words   |  7 Pageseverywhere. Our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights and keep them† (The Four Freedoms). Prior to the U.S. entry into World War II, the American people were reluctant of being involved with the affairs of the world. Through a turn events and the persuasive actions of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the country was re-geared for mobilization and war against tyranny in whichever form it presented itself. The President delivered many great speeches that brought the United States to glob alRead MoreEssay on Ghost on the Throne Book Review1587 Words   |  7 Pagesof poison from Alexander’s enemies, including the fact that many people wanted to see Alexander dead. Romm also explained in great detail how the empire fell; the countries wanted to conquer the others just as Alexander had done. However, the giant war led to the end of an empire. Romm explained much about Alexander and his trusted colleagues that were also his closet friends. They had much power over society and probably took advantage over those that did not admire and respect Alexander a much asRead MoreThe Famous Words And Title Of Louis Zamperinis Autobiography1042 Words   |  5 Pagesthousands of people. Zamperini was a troubled youth, a track star from the town of Torrance California with impressive records, an Olympic athlete, World War Two Bombardier, Alcoholic, Airplane crash survivor, Japanese Prisoner of War, Inspirational speaker and a founder of a camp for troubled youths. Louis has done it all and was truly a man ‘Unbroken’ by the world. Louis Zamperini was born on January 26, 1917 in Olean New York, to Italian Immigrants. Shortly after his birth his family moved to TorranceRead MoreComparing Two Diaries, Donald Vining s A Gay Diary Vol Essay1733 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Duberman’s Gay in the Fifties look into the everyday life of gay males in the post-World War II Era. While World War II increased freedom for men to sexually explore within the male community, post-World War II extended the freedom of exploration but also created a subsequent backlash against homosexual practices. Vining and Duberman’s diaries document an extension of gay freedoms in the post-World War II period. Although Vining and Duberman give contrasting accounts of their lives as gay malesRead MorePearl Harbor: A Day That Will Live in Question 1398 Words   |  6 Pagesto enter another world war or involve themselves in European foreign affairs. The U.S policy of isolationism was extremely popular not only with citizens but with government officials as well. With this being said, what factors could have contributed to the U.S involvement in World War II? . Pearl Harbor was the main factor that led to the U.S involvement in World War II despite the fact that the fact that the overwhelming majority of the country wanted nothing to do with the war in Europe. (FonerRead MoreDoes Religion Cause War?1790 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Religion is a cause of all wars, is a phrase which is often heard and said by many. The question here is, does religion really cause wars? It may not be the reason for all the wars that have taken place since this world came into existence but several wars which have been fought in the past and today are done so on the basis of religion. Religious wars are ones which are fought and then justified by religion. These wars can involve one nation fighting against another who have different beliefsRead MorePearl Harbor Of The United States1712 Words   |  7 PagesPearl Harbor Many people around the world remember the date December 7, 1941. On that date, at 7:55 a.m., the Japanese military attacked the United States military stationed in Hawaii on the island of Oahu at Pearl Harbor. Before that day, the United States had stayed out of World War II. On December 8, the next day, United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt said to the his Congress, â€Å"Yesterday, December 7, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the United States was suddenly and deliberatelyRead MoreAudrey Hepburn, Star Of Dinner At Tiffany s717 Words   |  3 PagesTiffany s,† remains one of Hollywood s greatest style icons and one of the world s most successful actresses. Not only did she lead the life of beauty and fame, she was also a philanthropist. Audrey is one of the few actresses to win a Tony, Grammy, Emmy, and an Academy Award. Later in her lifetime, she put acting on the back burner. Her love for helping others started off when she was younger. During most of World War II, Hepburn studied at Arnhem Conservatory in the Netherlands. After retiringRead More The Day of Defeat Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesproper time for such an undertaking, which was unprecedented at this time in world history due to its sheer size and scope. This would allow enough time for the detailed planning of the invasion, the practicing of paratrooper drops, the build up of troops, and the never ending briefings. After additional planning, the leaders decided that, in the best interests of the invasion, it should be postponed until a later date. â€Å"...this operation is fraught with hazards. Unless these hazards are squarely

Schedule Driven Project Free-Samples for Studetns-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Engineering projects are generally cost-driven, schedule-driven or a combination of both. Schedule driven projects have not been regarded highly by some project performance analysts. However, a large Design and Construct Contractor in Australia recently expressed the view that the key Driver for successful projects is that they be schedule driven and appropriately coordinated rather than be cost-driven. However, the references below infer that schedule driven projects may not be the way to go. Do you agree or disagree? Answer: The Large Australian design contractor is saying that the schedule driven project will play a significant part than cost driven project. But according to the research of Industry Benchmarking Consortium is suggesting that schedule driven project will not play a vital role as cost driven project (Merrow 2011). The reason behind this is schedule driven project will be incurring high costs, overrunning of cost and incident regarding safety. But according to me, I am with the Australias largest contractor. I think that schedule driven project will play a vital role and will be the key driver. The reasons to agree are stated as follows: Schedule Driven Project is a venture that is performed and overseen under the superseding limitation of time. The administration procedure of such a venture is chiefly in light of the last conveyance date. It really implies that time turns into the key condition for settling on venture administration choices (Frango 2017). Time booking will be the organized action among different exercises, (for example, staffing, planning, quality control and so on.) of the venture administration handle. A venture progresses toward becoming calendar driven when either the support (a man/association putting reserves in the venture) or the client (a man/association expected to utilize/devour the venture's item) decides time as the centre limitation of the usage procedure. The group is permitted to use however many assets as could be expected under the circumstances to execute the venture and make the item inside the coveted conveyance date. Schedule driven projects contrast from asset driver ventures. An asset driver extend has a tendency to expend assets in ideal way since accessibility, quality and amount of venture assets (work force, reserves, innovation and so on.) are viewed as the abrogating imperative. In this manner, the time term of such a venture can be extended as much as required until the venture stays inside the predominant limitation of assets. Schedule driven project provides benefits for managers in the following ways: Defining the Scope- The appropriate schedule template will help to provide good definition of project scope. Scheduling can be used as a primary tool by executives for determining the durations as well as task dependencies. It will help them in relating with the structure of work breakdown. The requirement of time for a job could be estimated accurately. Progress Review- The schedule template could be use effectively to share data related to time with team members as well as higher stakeholders. It helps in communicating and knows about work progress (Yaghootkar and Gil 2012). The project issues are been focused by the reviewers as well as the impact of schedule performance. Compliance with policies and procedures of business- Schedule driven project helps in realizing the objectives of business in a systematic way. It helps in aligning the projects along with procedures as well as policies of organisation. Executives have the option to use templates for complying with the activities of project with the required strategies. Creating schedules for programs- Program administration includes a few or more administrators in overseeing related undertakings running parallel. The test here is that the administrators need to precisely arrange and assign assets between the activities so as to keep arrangement with the whole program. Precise booking lets address the test by recognizing asset accessibility, synchronizing venture exercises and making a solitary calendar for the program. Asset bottlenecks as well as time requirements can be maintained a strategic distance from. Schedule Driven Project also provides benefit for the stakeholder as well as team in following ways: Communications flows in a streamline in between stakeholders when there is a development and of schedule. Establishing of effective streamline communications between the team and stakeholders exists. Allocation of resource: Numerous associations run parallel ventures, and for PMs it winds up plainly difficult to apportion resources to the undertakings and operations and to get ready for the pinnacles and troughs of day by day exercises. Extend plan format guarantees some bit of consistency around asset assignment; giving the administrators enhanced visualise into the request from their synchronous activities (Holler et al. 2014). Unexpected changes being managed- The group is secured against circumstances when the partners (the client or support) need to ask for a startling change that can't be obliged in the workplace without unnatural practices. The venture plan decides a correct course of events with particular activities that must be done, while any surprising change ought to be overseen in like manner all through the change administration handle (Kerzner 2013). Right Focus- When team is stuck in an important task at that schedule driving project provides a template that exhibits schedule of project. It helps the team to move on to the next part of project and therefore the work continues in a streamline path (Grau and Back 2015). The above stated advantages can make schedule driven project to be a significant driver. References Frango, R. (2017). Schedule Driven Projects | Project Controls - planning, scheduling, cost management and forensic analysis (Planning Planet). [online] Planningplanet.com. Available at: https://www.planningplanet.com/blog/schedule-driven-projects [Accessed 19 Apr. 2017]. Grau, D. and Back, W.E., 2015. Predictability Index: Novel Metric to Assess Cost and Schedule Performance.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,141(12), p.04015043. Holler, R., Culling, I., Delwadia, R., Mamut, P., Crowe, M., Hanson, D., Boudreaux, P., Gilkerson, D., Farr, E. and Odenwelder, J., Versionone, Inc., 2014.Methods and systems for performing project schedule forecasting. U.S. Patent 8,875,088. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Merrow, E.W., 2011.Industrial megaprojects: concepts, strategies, and practices for success(Vol. 8). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Yaghootkar, K. and Gil, N., 2012. The effects of schedule-driven project management in multi-project environments.International Journal of Project Management,30(1), pp.127-140.